Definition | Structural formula | Futura Sciences

September 23, 2022

From there Brute formula of a molecule, the chemist is able to write what he calls a structural formula. In other words, a plane representation of this molecular entity in which lines are used to indicate the presence of single or multiple bonds between atoms, without indication or implication concerning their orientations in space. This way of writing provides information on the arrangement of atoms in the molecule.

To be able to write the structural formula of a molecule, it is useful to know the number of covalent bonds that each atom that constitutes it is likely to form. This number is defined by the rules ofbyte and duet. It is thus useful to know that thehydrogen cannot form a single single covalent bond. Theoxygen, for example, can form two single bonds or a double bond. And the carbon, four single bonds, two single bonds and one double, two double bonds or even a single bond and a triple bond.

Some examples of formulas developed

These two examples show one of the drawbacks of the developed formula: it requires a lot of space.

Note that writing a structural formula – or even a semi-structural formula which does not represent the bonds between an atom and a hydrogen atom – allows characteristic groups to appear which influence the reactivity of the molecule. It also allows you to update the isomers. Molecules with the same composition, but having sequences of different atoms. So the molecule of raw formula C4H10 has two isomers:

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